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complaints, such as sleep deprivation or decreased appetite. The questionnaire consists of fourteen questions in which symptoms of anxiety and depression are scored separately. The guideline Oncological Rehabilitation does not recommend the HADS, due to its limited validity and the fact that there is no consensus on a cut-off point (IKNL 2011). However, the guideline does consider the HADS sensitive for detecting complaints on an individual level (IKNL 2011). For measuring depression problems, the guideline recommends the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) (Radloff 1977), and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) is recommend for measuring anxiety (Radloff 1977). Within the Netherlands Cancer Institute, however, a hospital-wide consensus has been reached on using the HADS, and it has been integrated into the electronic patient record system.\u000DThe Somatic Awareness Questionnaire (SAQ) is a 25-statement-questionnaire related to the awareness of and sensitivity to the internal processes of the body and the physical status (Gijsbers van Wijk, 1996). Through a five-point scale, these aspects are more transparent (a higher score refers to a better physical awareness). Within the Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, the SAQ is mainly used in patients who have problems with intimacy, sexuality or early menopause. Nevertheless, to date there is no literature available related to the validation of this questionnaire and / or applicability of the SAQ within the head and neck cancer population.\u000DFinally, also the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) can be used as an instrument to measure distress. The FFMQ is a questionnaire that measures five facets of mindfulness: observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging, and non-reactivity (Bohlmeijer, ten Klooster et al. 2011). The original questionnaire consists of 39 items, but a short form has been developed as well (FFMQ-SF). Both questionnaires are available in Dutch and have been validated by adults with anxiety and depression problems (Bohlmeijer, ten Klooster et al. 2011). Standardization specific to (head and neck) cancer is not available. The Oncological Rehabilitation guideline does not mention the standard inclusion of mindfulness in the rehabilitation programme, but it does refer to it in the recommendations (IKNL 2011). The FFMQ and FFMQ-SF were developed specifically for the evaluation of anxiety and depression before and after mindfulness training and are not mentioned in the guideline either. However, the use of Bohlmeijer et al.\u2019s questionnaire is recommended, since it has proven to be a reliable and sensitive instrument (Bohlmeijer, ten Klooster et al. 2011).\u000D5.7.4 Interventions for psychosocial problems\u000DPsychosocial interventions in the rehabilitation phase are mostly aimed at regaining an optimal level of autonomy and control and integrating illness experiences and experiences of loss in daily life (Van Weezel 2009). During the psychosocial intervention, the cancer patient may experience anxiety, uncertainty, dejection, despair and a reduced sense of self-worth and control (IKNL 2011). The conflict between, on the one hand, the needs and limitations of the body and, on the other hand, society\u2019s demands puts a severe strain on the patient\u2019s autonomy. Autonomy can be interpreted as the ability to undertake autonomous actions, such as the ability to handle new situations, self-awareness and sensitivity to others that are developed in relationships with others, in which recognition and security are important factors (Bosselaar, Jans et al. 2011). A precondition for autonomy is recognition of the fact that one\u2019s personal abilities may be limited and that one\u2019s environment poses barriers as well. Within those limits, autonomy entails the capacity to give shape to one\u2019s life (Ryan and Deci 2000, Tay and Diener 2011:). To accept the new balance between personal limitations and abilities, patients must process emotionally what they have lost and engage in new experiences (Ryan and Deci 2000,\u000D136\u000D